National Memorial Mausoleum of Alessandro Senna

National Memorial Mausoleum of Alessandro Senna Mausoleo Commemorativo Nazionale di Alessandro Senna
Information
Location	Parco della Democrazia Vittoriosa, Romula, Istalia
Construction	4111-4118
Architect	Enrico Barbieri
Style	Neo Qolshamin Style
Affiliation	Istalian Empire

The National Memorial Mausoleum of Alessandro Senna (Istalian: Mausoleo Commemorativo Nazionale di Alessandro Senna) is an Istalian monument and landmark in Romula. It commemorates Alessandro Senna, the most important hero of the Istalian Civil War, father of the so called New Fourth Republic and among its first presidents, and later it became the national mausoleum for those Presidents of the Republic who distinguished themself in the exercise of their office and have left their mark into the history of Istalia.
Since its completion in 4118 the Mausoleum became the place of the official solemn celebrations of the Democracy and Freedom Day, public national holiday established to commemorate the victory of the democratic forces on the Istalian Civil War in 4045, those who have lost their lives during the conflict and the memory of Alessandro Senna.

History

The Mausoleum was built between 4111 and 4118 to honor the memory of Alessandro Senna. The original design of the Mausoleum, however, during the final construction stage was modified at the request of President Francesco Toso when in 4112 the former President Marcantonio Borgiese, remembered for its Parliamentary Reform of the Republic, died. Francesco Toso demanded to modify the design of the crypt so that Borgiese could be buried together his ancient mentor Senna, not only for the merit of his predecessor during the terms as President of the Republic, but also because Borgiese in 4096 was the one to propose the establishment of a National holiday to honor the victory of the democratic forces during the Civil War and the memory of Alessandr Senna, the man symbol of the resistance against the dictature of Antonio Battisti. The Mausoleum was inaugurated in 4118, a solemn cerimony during which the remains of Senna and Borgiese were there translated and buried.
The Mausoleum assumed officially also the role of National Mausoleum for the Presidents of the Istalian Republic who distinguished themself during their offices (also to the Presidents who die during their office was recognized the honor to be buried in the Mausoleum, as High Officials of the Republic fallen in service).

Design

A competition for the design of the memorial was commissioned already in 4105 when was approved the first preliminary proposal presented by Borgiese in 4096. Two year later the prize-winning entries were announced by the National Government Landmark and Building Bureau of the Ministry of Infrastructure, Enrico Barbieri.
But was only in 4111 that the works began when the Parliament officially established the Democracy and Freedom Day and approved the construction of the Memorial Mausoleum together with the Altar of the Peace and the Civil War Victims Memorial .
The building is built in concrete, with an exterior cladding of pink granite, and consists of a massed square superstructure with typically New Qolshamin Style setbacks and buttresses, punctuated on each side by a large arched window of gold-amber stained glass, and crowned with a ziggurat-inspired stepped roof. It is positioned atop a cruciform pedestal within which, but separated by the crypt, is located a small museum. The building's exterior is also adorned with several bronze friezes, carved granite relief panels and twenty monumental stone figural sculptures with which are celebrated events of the Civil War and the values of the Istalian Republic as well as ancient key figures of the previous Republics.
Access to the main hall is provided via broad stairways on each side of the building's north-south axis, while ground-level doorways on the east and west sides offer entry to the museum.
The interior is largely faced in white marble and the top level is almost totally occupied by the Hall of Memory, a circular space of 15 m in diameter under a domed ceiling adorned with an allegorical fresco of a glorification of Alessandro Senna. In the center of the marble floor of the Hall of Memory is located a large circular opening surrounded by a balustrade from which the visitors can look down on the statue of the Memory, a sculpture in bronze of Senna under which there is his veritable grave, puts at the center of the marmble floor of the lower level, the crypt.
The crypt is divided in Rotunda of Senna, corrisponding to the circular opening, surrounded by a circular corridor, separated from the Rotunda by columns, along whose walls there are the graves of the other Presidents of the Republic buried there.
Finally, immediately to the north of the Memorial is a large rectangular pool which, together with the building, is the core of the Park of the Victorious Democracy.

Presidents of the Istalian Republic buried into the Mausoleum

This is a list of the Head of State of the Istalian Republic who, when died, the Republic honored burying them together with Alessandro Senna. Currently nineteen former Presidents of the Republic are buried into the Mausoleum.

N°	Name	Years in Office	Burying date	Honored for
1	Alessandro Senna	4063-4070	4118	Considered an hero of the Istalian Civil War and father of the Fifth Republic, he served as President after the conflict impriming to Istalia the internationalist vocation that characterized not only the next years but the following centuries as well as introduced key reforms which paved the way for the developement which allowed Istalia to become one of the major world economies and a great power. The Mausoleum was commissioned to honor his memory.
2	Marcantonio Borgiese	4085-4091	4118	Buried here both for his leading role in the parliamentary reform of the Republic in 4090 to try to solve a serious political crisis due to the Presidential system and because promoter for the building of the Mauoleum and the creation of the holiday to honor the victory of the democracy against the dictature of Battisti. His body was moved here together with the one of Alessandro Senna.
3	Francesco Toso	4111-4115 4118-4119	4135	Honored for his committment to increase the istalian relationships all over the world which led to the election of Istalia to the first World Congress Security Council; he adopted the internationalist doctrine known as Friendship and Prestige, which led the istalian foreign policy almost for the rest of the century building the foundations of the future grandeur of Istalia on the international stage.
4	Mario Giuliotti	4119-4126	4169	He was honored to be buried into the mausoleum, indeed after some debate, for his foundamental leadership to contrast the theocratic, segregationist and slave regime of the Ameliorate Republic of Saridan.
5	Beatrice Zorelin	4142-4150	4163	Buried into the mausoleum for her full committment in the strong resumption of the relations with the Majatran nations, trying to resurect the Majatran Union which, despite it was re-joined by several nations, never reached the past glories and was almost forgotten in the next century. The work of Zorelin, however, cemented the image of Istalia as regional power able to gether international support and influence national decisions on all the continent.
6	Claudio De Michelis	4150-4158	4172	Another President honored for his committment against yet another segregationist regime in Saridan in the middle of 42nd century and also for his role in the stabilisation of the newly introduced Semi-Presidential Republic reaffirming the values and principle of the traditional Istalian democratic pluralism.
7	Andrea Romino	4166-4174	4198	Remember for his firm and authoritative role facing one of the most serious political impasse of the bipolarist period in the second half of 42nd century and for his role in promoting and attein the ambitious continental project of the Trans Majatran Corridor. His example in taking into his hand the rains of the nation increased not only the prestige but also the role of the Head of State into the Semi-Presidential Republic, affirming the role as a stabilizing figure also in case of hung parliaments and political impasses or crisis.
8	Rizwan Kahn	4174-4178	4183	Honored for his committment in promoting the respect of the minorities and a multicultural society in Istalia. Remembered also for his authoritative role in the Istalian-Jelbanian crisis under his Presidency. The decision to bury Khan into the Mausoleum, after he was struck down by a heart attack, generated some criticism due to the fact that many claimed that he was honored just to have a non-istalian President into the Mausoleum. In effect Khan was the first Istalian Head of State with non-Istalian origins since the foundation of the fourth Republic and the first Ahmadi after Elithiry Shahy, People's Ambassador of the Union of Quanzari Soviets between 2127-2129.
9	Lorenzo Verhoeven	4186-4190 4191-4203	4220	Remember as one of the most controversial figure of the second half of 43rd century, he was honored absolutely for his role in leading the nation during one of the most dark periods for the Republic, the terrorist crisis of the wantunian anarchic terrorists which caused hundreds of death and which finished with the victorious war against terrorism directly in Kalopia-Wantuni, which years later led to the establishment of the Istalian Protectorate of the Kalopian Free State of Mossavi. Someone protested for the decision to bury Verhoeven into the Mausoleum, remember the former President more as an authoritarian leadership who profited of the terrible crisis to seize even more power. The historians years later, however, denied such allegations and fully restoring the memory of Verhoeven.
10	Elide Ceglini	4190-4191	4232	Elide Ceglini, despite was President for less than an year, was honoured because her demonstration of honesty, righteousness and respect for the Constitution and the State of Law in denouncing years later her own party (Populars for Istalia) because involved in the most serious political scandal of the recent history, the great corruption inquiry of the first years of 43rd century.
11	Filippo Marra	4208-4215 4219-4223	4251	Honored for his decisive role in leading Istalia through the economic crisis unleashead in 4204, one of the most serious global economic crisis of the history, from which Istalia came out definitively as one of the major power of Terra. He is remembered also for his firm opposition to the oppressive Majatran Revolutionary Socialist Federation (MRSF) and as the veritable architect of the Majatran Alliance, the supranational organization designed to defend the free nations of Majatra, promote democracy in the continent and create one of the major economic common areas of Terra.
12	Nicola Gasbarro (died in office)	4231-4235 4236-4239	4239	Since he died in office, the Republic decided to honor him as Official of the Republic fallen in service, then he was also honored for his role in leading the Nation against the international conspiracy of Rildanor allied with the major rogue nations of Terra to smear and discredit Istalia and which caused him serious verbal attack and also injuries launched on the occasion of his death from Rildanor which shocked the world.
13	Rachele Delfina (died in office)	4239	4239	She was killed by a terroristic attack during the party celebrations for her elections organized by an extremist terroristic group however never identified. It is one of the most rumored mistery of the Istalian Institutional history.
14	Lavinia Maggi	4245-4249	4294	Honored for her role in the deep changement of the foreign policy of Istalia, shifting to a more diplomatic stance in facing the international crisis and which changed greatly toward the MRSF, against which Istalia had assumed belligerently behaviors, beginning the process of rapprochement with several nation on the edge to leave the decadent Socialist Federation. Her work was foundamental for the development of the Majatran Alliance and the reaffirmation of Istalia as a beacon of Democracy and Freedom.
15	Gianluigi Rosso	4249-4253 4257-4267	4329	Despite his will to be buried close to his relatives, after 19 years from his death the family accepted the proposal of the State to move the body into the Mausoleum. He was one of the most celebrated President of the 43rd century for his respect and devotion for the Istalian Democracy and the Istalian Constitution whose promoted among the citizenship, then for his role in defending the Country from the Thallerist menace and for his international authoritative and firm stance to promote peace and dialogue defending always the democratic values.
16	Betta Maddaloni	4287-4295	4319	Honored for her role in dealing with the Padagnan Independentist crisis unleashed by the Istalian Alternative party became Padagnan Nationalist Party. Maddaloni reached an agreement to organize a referendum on authonomy in Padagna which was however rejected. She is also remember for her authoritative international stance, increasing greatly the unity in the Majatran Alliance and estending Istalian Influence. Decisive her role during the Jelbanian-Deltarian War of 4290 to avoid to third nation to intervene on the side of Jelbania, especially the Union of the Jelbic Peoples led by Vanuku.
17	Alessandro di Nacosia-Rohan	4295-4299	4334	He was buried into the Mausoleum for his role contrasting the Wolfsheim Plague during his Presidency, efforts continued leading the following cabinet has Head of Government. Thanks to his ability to gather together all the political forces and to lead the emergency situation, despite the large number of infected and death the Country was able to contrast a further diffusion in Majatra and to contain the risk to have millions of victimes.
18	Demetrio Votta	4307-4316	4341	Honored for his authoritative as well as pragmatic Presidency which contribute to the establishment of two longlasting Grand Coalition Governments together with the party most opposite to his own, an agreement established keeping in mind the needs of the nation and the importance of serious internal as well as foreign issues. It is first of all remember for his key role in the normalization of the relations with the long lasting Vanukean enemy whose work was finalized by his successor, Stefano Romulani. Together with the Vanukean King Temrkai, Votta is considered as the father of the so called Temrkai-Votta Pax, the common Istalian-Vanukean doctrine to assure a stable and prolonged peace in Majatra contrasting also interferences from non-majatran nations.
19	Stefano Romulani	4316-4326	4351	Honored for his long lasting presidencies and for his role in leading to the victory Istalia into the Hulstrian Civil War, large international operations which saw Istalia as one of the two leading nations of the campaign, focused Istalia mainly on the operations in Ostland alongside Vanuku. Romulani is also remembered for his committment in continuing the great diplomatic work of President Votta in finalizing the so called Temrkai-Votta Pax, allowing the former President to cover the role of plenipotentiary with full authority to conduct the negotiation.
20	Oscar Lepera	4342-4362	4379	Honored for his long lasting presidency, the longest of the fourth Republic, re-elected 5 times, he marked an era of the middle of 44th century for Istalia. He is remember for his international committment and for his sense of duty in serving for so long time without fall into authoritarism or into personalastic regime while indeed gaining the confidence of the citizens who for 20 years chosen to confirm the reassuring and equilibrate figure of Lepera.
21	Salvatore Alletta	4460-4464	4464	Killed by a far-leftist terrorist during his presidency, Alletta gained a place in the Istalian History for leading the nation to the victory against the terrorism wave unleashed both by far-right and far-left extermists which hit the country for a decade between 4457 and 4465, the "Years of Lead".