Justicialist Party (Jakania)

Justicialist Party Adaletçi Parti
Leader	Süleyman Menderes
Founded	10 November 4258
Headquarters	Dokuz
Ideology	Nationalism, Populism Secularism, Corporatism
Political position	Center (self-description) Far-right (alleged)
Colour	Blue
Senate	0 / 150
Grand National Assembly	0 / 500
Local councillors	0 / 616
Politics of Jakania Political parties in Jakania Elections in Jakania

The Justicialist Party (AP) was a nationalist political party in Jakania. The party was established in 4258 by then-President İsmet Bölükbaşı, as a continuation of the former Republican People's Party (CHP). From its foundation until 4276, the party was known as the Nationalist Movement Party.

Like its predecessor, the AP was traditionally a staunch advocate of secularism and nationalism, though it was widely seen as more conservative than the former; opposition to illegal immigration and support for capital punishment were among the MHP's key issues. Its economic positions, meanwhile, remained largely statist and social democratic, very much like those of the former CHP. In 4276, the party adopted corporatism as its official doctrine.

The leader of the AP was traditionally referred to by the party faithful as "başbuğ" (meaning "chief"), a tradition originating with the historical CHP leader (4172–89) Alparslan Sezer, who was frequently addressed as such by his more hardline supporters.

The party was officially dissolved on 3 November 4290, after having governed the country continuously for 28 years, amidst financial troubles, corruption scandals, and electoral defeats.

History

Formation and early years

The Justicialist Party was established in November 4258, when the leadership of the former Republican People's Party (CHP) under İsmet Bölükbaşı voted to rebrand itself as a more populist and nationalist force. Bölükbaşı remained leader of the new party, after securing the position at the 4258 leadership election.

The parliamentary group of the former CHP largely followed Bölükbaşı into the new party, making it the second-largest party in Jakania at the time of its formation. In its first elections, in 4262, the party surged to nearly 29% of the vote, up from the 16% the CHP had achieved four years earlier. Bölükbaşı, who had served as President of Jakania from 4250 to 4262, subsequently formed a coalition government with the National Liberal Party (ULP), securing the position of Prime Minister of Jakania for himself in the process.

The party executive voted to withdraw the its membership of the Socialist International in 4263, after having originally inherited it from the CHP, which in turn had held it since 4181.

In 4268, high-ranking members of the party speculated that the party might field its own presidential candidate in the 4270 elections, rather than support the National Liberals' candidate, thus effectively breaking the nationalist–ULP pact in place over the past decade. In 4269, Bölükbaşı announced that the party would indeed field its own candidate, and announced his pre-candidacy for president. He was later challenged by Celal Azizoğlu, who had served as his deputy party leader since 4263. The party's Central Committee held a vote in May 4269 to select the party's candidate, with Azizoğlu emerging as the unexpected winner, earning the support of 13 of 25 Central Committee members, against 10 for Bölükbaşı. The latter subsequently announced his resignation as party leader, triggering a leadership election in August 4269, just nine months before the scheduled 4270 general election. In the leadership race, Azizoğlu faced off against Bölükbaşı-loyalist Hüseyin Babacan, and scored a landslide victory. He was sworn in as party leader on 5 September. Bölükbaşı remained prime minister until after the 4270 elections, before stepping down.

Azizoğlu period

In the 4270 general election, party leader Celal Azizoğlu was elected President of Jakania after having secured a razor-thin majority of the popular vote, with a lead of 0.8% against center-right candidate Bülent Solak of the National Liberal Party. He went on to appoint his party colleague Süleyman Menderes as prime minister of a center-left coalition government. After a single term in office, Azizoğlu was defeated in the 4274 presidential elections, while his party slipped to 106 seats in the Meclis, third place nationally. He subsequently resigned as party leader, and was replaced by Menderes in the 4274 leadership election. The latter continued as Prime Minister in a coalition with the National Liberals until 4277, when the latter joined the opposition ranks in protest over the AP's budget policies.

Menderes period

Following the departure of the National Liberals from the coalition in 4277, Menderes formed the first-ever single-party AP government. This cabinet rested on a fragily parliamentary foundation; only 106 MPs supported it, with 394 in the opposition. Nevertheless, it was able to survive until the 4278 election, with Menderes ruling by decree and generally circumventing the legislature.

In 4276, the party leadership voted to change its name from the previous Nationalist Movement Party, and adopt the current Justicialist Party name. The term "justicialists" (adaletçiler) had in practice been used for party members and supporters since the 4274 campaign, when it was used in a speech by leader Celal Azizoğlu.

With the AP–ULP bloc effectively dissolved by the 4278 election, Prime Minister Menderes formed a new coalition with the Ahmadi-conservative Law and Prosperity Party (HRP) and the monarchist-personalist Sofuoğlu Party (SP), which lasted until 4282. In that year's election, the Justicialist Party emerged as the largest part for the first time, allowing Menderes to continue for a fourth term, this time in the form of a diverse coalition with the HRP, SP and the minority rights-focused Kalopian Democratic Party (KDP). This bloc secured re-election in 4286, with Menderes embarking on his fifth consecutive term as Prime Minister of Jakania.

The following year, the KDP pulled out of the coalition, with Menderes resigning as Prime Minister. Deputy leader of the AP, Fatma Tayyar, succeeded him in that position, forming a government with the other two remaining coalition parties. In 4288, the HRP went on to leave the government as well, leaving Tayyar's government with a greatly weakened position in parliament. Following the 4290 elections, in which Menderes was defeated in the presidential race, and the AP trailed badly behind a new nationalist grouping despite net seat gains, the party collapsed, and was formally dissolved on 3 November 4290, the 133rd anniversary of the founding of its predecessor, the Republican People's Party.

Election results

Presidential elections

President of Jakania

Election	Candidate	Round 1	Round 2	Win
		%	%
4262	Bülent Solak (ULP)	61.1
4266	Bülent Solak (ULP)	65.9
4270	Celal Azizoğlu	28.3	50.4
4274	Celal Azizoğlu	21.5
4278	Çelik Mataracı	27.2	54.2
4282	Kıvanç Barış (HRP)	22.6	71.8
4286	Kıvanç Barış (HRP)	46.4	60.5
4290	Süleyman Menderes	28.1	45.9

Lower house elections

Grand National Assembly

Election	Votes		Seats		Role
	%	Rank	#	±
4262	28.5	2nd	154 / 535	65	in coalition
4266	39.9	2nd	219 / 535	65	in coalition
4270	29.2	2nd	146 / 500	73	in coalition
4274	21.4	3rd	106 / 500	40	in coalition
4278	27.5	2nd	138 / 500	32	in coalition
4282	25.9	1st	130 / 500	8	in coalition
4286	21.2	1st	107 / 500	23	in coalition
4290	26.3	2nd	132 / 500	25	in opposition

Upper house elections

Senate

Election	Seats
	#	±
4262	52 / 235	14
4266	80 / 235	28
4270	23 / 150	57
4274	31 / 150	8
4278	36 / 150	5
4282	50 / 150	14
4286	31 / 150	19
4290	35 / 150	4

Local elections

Local councils and mayors

Election	Votes		Councillors		Mayors
	%	Rank	#	±	#	±
4265	25.7	2nd	159 / 605	38	4 / 20	1
4270	28.6	2nd	184 / 605	25	4 / 20	0
4275	21.0	3rd	139 / 633	45	3 / 20	1
4280	26.6	2nd	170 / 633	31	7 / 20	4
4285	25.1	1st	166 / 616	4	8 / 20	1
4290	26.0	2nd	174 / 616	8	5 / 20	3

Prominent members

Party leaders

Chairman of the Central Committee of the Justicialist Party

N°	Name	Portrait	Term	Elections	Other offices
1	İsmet Bölükbaşı		4258 – 4269	4262 4266	Finance Minister (4246–4250) President (4250–4262) Prime Minister (4262–4270)
2	Celal Azizoğlu		4269 – 4274	4270 4274	President (4270–4274)
3	Süleyman Menderes		4274 – 4290	4278 4282 4286 4290	Prime Minister (4270–4287)

Party deputy leaders

• Hüseyin Babacan (4258 — 4263)
• Mesut Özdemir (4263 — 4269)
• Mehmet Ali Yılmaz (4269 — 4274)
• Fatma Tayyar (4274 — 4290)

Prime Ministers of Jakania

• Hatice Katırcı (4262)
• İsmet Bölükbaşı (4262 — 4270)
• Süleyman Menderes (4270 — 4287)
• Fatma Tayyar (4287 — 4290)

Presidents of Jakania

• İsmet Bölükbaşı (4250 — 4262)
• Celal Azizoğlu (4270 — 4274)
• Çelik Mataracı (4278 — 4282)

Justicialist-led cabinets

• Cabinet Katırcı (4262) with ULP
• Cabinet Bölükbaşı (4262 — 4270) with ULP
• Cabinet Menderes I (4270) with SP and ALTERNATİF
• Cabinet Menderes II (4270 — 4277) with SP
• Cabinet Menderes III (4277 — 4278)
• Cabinet Menderes IV (4278 — 4282) with HRP and SP
• Cabinet Menderes V (4282 — 4287) with HRP, SP and KDP
• Cabinet Menderes VI (4287) with HRP and SP
• Cabinet Tayyar I (4287 — 4288) with HRP and SP
• Cabinet Tayyar II (4288 — 4290) with SP